PostgreSQL数据库入门

一、安装PostgreSQL：添加官方yum源yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm，yum install postgresql12-server安装，初始化数据库/usr/pgsql-12/bin/postgresql-12-setup initdb，启动systemctl start postgresql-12。二、基本操作：切换postgres用户su - postgres，psql进入命令行，CREATE DATABASE dbname创建数据库，CREATE USER username WITH PASSWORD password创建用户，GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE dbname TO username授权。三、权限管理：GRANT SELECT ON TABLE tablename TO username，REVOKE INSERT ON TABLE tablename FROM username，ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES设置默认权限，pg_hba.conf配置客户端认证方式。四、备份恢复：pg_dump dbname > backup.sql单库备份，pg_dumpall > all_backup.sql全实例备份，psql dbname < backup.sql恢复数据库。